import React from "react"; import { motion } from "framer-motion"; import { Aperture, ArrowRight, Boxes, Compass, Gauge, Layers3, Network, Orbit, ShieldCheck, Sparkles, Users, Workflow, } from "lucide-react"; const fadeUp = { hidden: { opacity: 0, y: 28 }, show: { opacity: 1, y: 0, transition: { duration: 0.85, ease: [0.22, 1, 0.36, 1] }, }, }; const stagger = { hidden: {}, show: { transition: { staggerChildren: 0.1, delayChildren: 0.08 } }, }; const highlights = [ { value: "Manage Complexity", note: "Architecture is strategic structure. Its real job is to make a hard system understandable, buildable, and changeable.", }, { value: "Lower Cognitive Cost", note: "Good architecture creates shared context, shared language, and calmer collaboration across a team.", }, { value: "Evolve, Don’t Freeze", note: "There is no universally best architecture. There is only the most fitting decision for this stage, under these constraints.", }, ]; const equation = [ { title: "Components", body: "Choose the major building blocks and the responsibilities each one owns.", icon: Boxes, }, { title: "Relationships", body: "Define dependencies, communication paths, and the boundaries of change between parts.", icon: Network, }, { title: "Principles", body: "Use durable rules and guidelines so decisions stay coherent as the system grows.", icon: Compass, }, ]; const drivers = [ { title: "Functional Needs", body: "What the system must do for users, the product, and the business.", icon: Workflow, }, { title: "Quality Attributes", body: "Scalability, availability, resilience, security, clarity, and performance.", icon: Gauge, }, { title: "Constraints", body: "Time, budget, platform, regulations, legacy systems, and the architecture style they imply.", icon: ShieldCheck, }, { title: "Context", body: "Organization shape, market pressure, team capability, and Conway-style realities.", icon: Users, }, ]; const lifecycle = [ { phase: "R0", title: "Set the Goal", body: "Separate functional and non-functional needs. Define the business problem, the system boundary, and the real architectural question.", }, { phase: "R1", title: "Identify the Drivers", body: "Make the forces visible: features, quality goals, constraints, market pressure, resources, and organizational factors.", }, { phase: "R2", title: "Shape the Design", body: "Move from macro to micro: business model to system model, major styles, key technology choices, and structural views.", }, { phase: "R3", title: "Land the System", body: "Choose mature solutions, decide buy vs. build, reuse where possible, and make change strategies explicit.", }, { phase: "R4", title: "Keep It Evolving", body: "Document, evaluate, refactor, and adapt. Architecture is a living decision system, not a one-time diagram.", }, ]; const views = [ { name: "Logical", focus: "Responsibilities, services, roles, behavior, and user-visible capabilities.", }, { name: "Development", focus: "Modules, frameworks, languages, package structure, and developer ergonomics.", }, { name: "Runtime", focus: "Concurrency, events, synchronization, runtime interaction, and operating behavior.", }, { name: "Physical", focus: "Deployment, network environment, hardware, availability, and infrastructure security.", }, { name: "Data", focus: "Storage models, transfer, replication, synchronization, and data lifecycle choices.", }, ]; const principles = [ { title: "Fit the Moment", body: "Architecture is contextual. The right answer is the one that best serves the present stage and its pressures.", }, { title: "Trade Off Deliberately", body: "Architecture is central decision-making. It balances competing goals instead of maximizing a single metric.", }, { title: "Prefer Simplicity", body: "Use Occam, KISS, and clear boundaries. A simpler system is easier to trust, explain, and evolve.", }, { title: "Modularize Change", body: "Separate concerns, reduce coupling, and choose the right granularity so change stays local rather than systemic.", }, { title: "Leverage Standards", body: "Mature technology, conventions, and governance lower collaboration cost and increase long-term extensibility.", }, { title: "Refactor Continuously", body: "A living architecture pays down technical debt, keeps concepts clear, and preserves room for the next move.", }, ]; const architectRoles = [ { title: "Reduce Ambiguity", body: "Define boundaries, vocabulary, and system goals so teams can operate inside the same mental model.", }, { title: "Create Concepts", body: "Generate and compare solution concepts, then select one that can evolve without collapsing under future pressure.", }, { title: "Manage Complexity", body: "Use decomposition, abstraction, interfaces, and change control to keep the system operable at scale.", }, { title: "Design for Evolution", body: "Think across horizons. Good architecture supports today’s delivery while leaving room for tomorrow’s direction.", }, ]; function SectionLabel({ children }) { return (

{children}

); } function FeatureCard({ item, dark = false }) { const Icon = item.icon; return (

{item.title}

{item.body}

); } export default function DesignOfSoftwareArchitecturePage() { return (

Knowledge Artifact · Architecture

Design of Software Architecture

Architecture is the art of making complexity inhabitable.

Software architecture is more than structure. It is a long-horizon system of decisions about components, relationships, constraints, and principles that lets a team ship quality without drowning in complexity.

{highlights.map((item) => (

{item.value}

{item.note}

))}

Core Job

Manage Complexity

Components

Who owns which responsibility?

Relationships

How do parts depend, communicate, and change together?

Principles

Which rules keep the system coherent over time?

Architectural Formula

Structure of components plus relationships plus enduring guidance.

The Equation

Architecture is not code at every level.

It focuses on the larger grain: major responsibilities, structure, and the decision rules that make a system understandable beyond individual implementations.

{equation.map((item) => ( ))}

Decision Drivers

Great systems begin with visible forces.

Before choosing patterns or tools, architecture asks a harder question: what exactly is pushing this system into shape?

{lifecycle.map((item) => (

{item.phase}

{item.title}

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Drivers in Practice

Architecture quality comes from balancing pressure, not ignoring it.

Functional requirements matter, but they are never the full picture. Quality attributes, constraints, cost, organizational shape, and future workload all influence the right design.

{drivers.map((item) => ( ))}

Abstraction Ladder

{[ "L0 · Machine and operating foundations", "L1 · Languages, tools, and programming structure", "L2 · Low-level technical building blocks like libraries and middleware", "L3 · Domain foundations and shared business capability", "L4 · High-level problem abstraction for real business scenarios", ].map((line, index) => (

{index}

{line}

))}

Five Views

No single diagram tells the whole truth.

Architecture becomes legible when we inspect the system through multiple lenses. Each view answers a different question and protects a different kind of quality.

{views.map((view, index) => (

View {index + 1}

{view.name}

{view.focus}

))}

Design Principles

Elegant architecture is disciplined compromise.

The goal is not technical purity. The goal is to solve the important problem with the right amount of structure, under real-world limits, while keeping room for change.

{principles.map((item) => (

{item.title}

{item.body}

))}

Architect Mindset

The architect’s role is not decoration. It is reduction.

{architectRoles.map((item) => (

{item.title}

{item.body}

))}

A Closing Rule

Architecture should serve the team, the strategy, and the product, not the architect’s ego.

Good architecture makes quality, collaboration, and change cheaper. When it becomes a display of technical vanity, it stops serving its real purpose.

From structure to stewardship

Software Architecture

Start from a system simple enough to work. Then let evolution, not vanity, carry it forward.

); }